What we do not know is if the impact in Scotland is sustained over a longer period and if similar findings pertain to Wales, which introduced MUP on March 2, 2020. Our own previous work suggested that the introduction of MUP in Scotland on May 1, 2018, was associated with an immediate reduction in the amount of off-trade alcohol that households purchased. The evidence indicates that new implementation of MUP and changes in the level of MUP are associated with reductions in alcohol consumption and with declines in alcohol-attributable health burden. InterpretationĪ search of Web of Science with the search term “alcohol AND (minimum pric* OR minimum unit) AND effect*)” for articles published between Jan 1, 2010, and Jan 31, 2021, with no language restrictions, resulted in 130 studies, eight of which reported results of empirical analyses (two in Scotland, five in Canadian provinces, and one in an Australian territory) of the impact of minimum unit price (MUP) on alcohol consumption and health outcomes. The changes were not affected by the introduction of COVID-19 confinement in the UK on March 26, 2020. The introduction of MUP was not associated with an increased expenditure on alcohol by households that generally bought small amounts of alcohol and, in particular, those with low incomes. For both Scotland and Wales, reductions in overall purchases of alcohol were largely restricted to households that bought the most alcohol. The difference between Wales and western England was a price increase 0♸41 of 0♸41 p per gram (0♷32–0♹51), an 8♲% increase, and a purchase decrease of 7♰52 g per adult per household per day that an alcohol purchase was made (6♴63–7♶40), an 8♶% decrease. In Wales, the introduction of MUP led to similar results. The difference between Scotland and northern England in 2020 was a price increase of 0♷41 p per gram (95% CI 0♷24–0♷59), a 7♶% increase, and a purchase decrease of 7♰63 g per adult per household per day that an alcohol purchase was made (6♶56–7♴70), a 7♷% decrease. In Scotland, price increases and purchase decreases following the introduction of MUP in 2018 were maintained during the first half of 2020. The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific.The Lancet Regional Health – Southeast Asia.The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology.
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